Each one of these FM signals is synthesized from the same basic formula: a sine-wave in the argument of a cosine function is used to "modulate" the frequency at the rate fm.
However, the fundamental idea of instantaneous frequency breaks down in this case because the chirp rate gets too high.
Let's look at the sounds in the time-frequency domain to see how the spectrum changes with increasing chirp rate.
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McClellan, Schafer, and Yoder, Signal Processing First, ISBN 0-13-065562-7.
Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.